Inuit

As I mentioned in the Introduction, I will quickly explain the different types of Aboriginals in Canada

The Inuit

The arctic regions of Canada has early inhabitants dating back to 20,000 years ago who might have crossed the Bering Land Bridge. The Climate in the Arctic is different compared to other parts of earth. During the summer, the Arctic has long hours of daylight; nevertheless, the winters are in complete darkness. The temperature is very low; therefore, not many plants and animals have existed. That area is inhabited by the Inuit.

The Inuits are used to be called “Eskimos” which means “eater of raw meet”. They are known as the masters because they invent technology with limited materials. The materials they have used includes bones, animal skins and so on. They live in bands consisting of 500-1000 people and have ceremonies together during birth, marriage and some other events.

They are skilled hunters who hunt for food everyday including cold winters. They hunt sea mammals suck as whales, seals and walruses and land animals such as caribou, oxen, arctic fox, polar bear, arctic hare and arctic birds.

image from :

http://firstpeoplesofcanada.com/fp_groups/fp_inuit2.html

They have many methods for transportation. In winter, they travel on the Arctic either by foot or dog sled. During summer, the ice have melted; therefore, they travel by boat.

image from :

http://firstpeoplesofcanada.com/fp_groups/fp_inuit2.html

The Inuit believe in animism which means everything have a spirit. When the spirit dies, it continues to live in a spiritual realm. The shamans have the power to control spirits. They often wear a carved mask which most likely represents animals.

image from :

http://firstpeoplesofcanada.com/fp_groups/fp_inuit2.html

The Inuit are nomadic; therefore, they move to find food. Their houses need to be simple to build. During the summer, they live in tents which are made of driftwood or poles. The poles are covered with animal skins such as caribou or sealskin.

image from :

http://firstpeoplesofcanada.com/fp_groups/fp_inuit2.html

In the winter, the Inuit live in Igloos which is made of snow blocks. The Igloo takes 20-30 minutes to build. The larger igloos have a diameter of 4 metres and a height of 3 metres. The beds are made of ice which is covered with fur.